Objective:

To develop the student's ability to execute high performance 360° turns in both directions, using a steep bank angle, while maintaining a constant altitude and airspeed.

Elements:

1. Discuss elements related to steep turns (stability and overbanking tendency).
2. Select an altitude that will allow the task to be performed no lower than 1,500 feet AGL or the recommended altitude, whichever is higher.
3. Perform Clearing Turns.
4. Establish Va using appropriate power setting.
5. Entry - One full turn of up trim may be required.
6. Roll into a coordinated 360° turn; maintain 45° bank, ±5°; and rolls out on the entry heading, ±10°.
7. Rollout - Lead heading by one-half the bank (45° ÷ 2 = aprox. 20°).
8. Perform the task in the opposite direction.
9. Divide attention between airplane control and orientation.
10. Maintain the entry altitude, ±100 feet, and airspeed, ±10 knots.
11. Retrim if necessary and complete the maneuver with the Cruise Checklist.

Common Errors:

1. Failure to look for traffic or clear the area before configuring aircraft.
2. Improper pitch, bank, and power coordination during entry and rollout.
3. Uncoordinated use of flight controls.
4. Over controlling the aircraft.
5. Inappropriate control applications.
6. Improper technique in correcting altitude deviations.
7. Loss of orientation.
8. Excessive deviation from desired heading during rollout.

References:

• FAA Private Pilot PTS
  • Calculate Va or POH entry speed from Weight and Balance
  • ±100' and ±10 kts
  • +10/-5 degrees of 45°
  • Perform 360 turns in both directions
• Airplane Flying Handbook - Pages: 9-1, 9-2
• FAA-H-8083-3

Notes:

Relationship of bank angle, load factor, and stalling speed.
Differential wing drag
5 C's (Clear, Configure, Complete, Cruise, Check).
Same spot on windshield is same point on horizon, student will dive or climb trying to keep the nose on the horizon as they rotate around the axis.

Printer Fiendly